JAKARTA, Saco- Indonesia.com-  Sampai 2013, KTP elektronik sudah dicetak untuk 176 juta warga. Namun, dunia perbankan masih belum menerima penggunaan KTP elektronik yang semestinya berlaku secara nasional.

KTP elektronik dilaksanakan sejak 2011 dengan tujuan tidak ada lagi warga yang memiliki KTP lebih dari satu.

Sebelumnya, salah satu alasan memiliki KTP ganda yang paling banyak dikemukakan adalah untuk membeli rumah, kendaraan bermotor, serta membuka rekening di bank.

Namun, kendati Presiden sudah menerbitkan aturan yang menyebutkan KTP elektronik berlaku nasional mulai 2013, kenyataannya lain.

Rika, warga Kota Tangerang, kemarin gagal membuka rekening di Bank Mandiri. Sebab, KTP elektroniknya diterbitkan di Yogyakarta.

Pihak bank meminta dia membawa surat keterangan domisili dari RT, RW, dan kelurahan di Sleman, Yogyakarta.

Sebelumnya, Rika juga gagal membeli kendaraan karena KTP elektroniknya tidak bisa digunakan.

Peraturan Presiden 67/2011 tentang Penerapan KTP Berbasis NIK secara Nasional tidak hanya menyebutkan KTP elektronik sebagai identitas resmi bukti domisili penduduk, bukti diri penduduk untuk administrasi pemerintahan, dan bukti diri penduduk untuk pengurusan kepentingan pelayanan publik di instansi pemerintah, pemerintah daerah, lembaga perbankan, dan swasta.

Namun, instansi pemerintah, pemerintah daerah, lembaga perbankan dan swasta juga diwajibkan menyiapkan kelengkapan teknis yang diperlukan berkaitan dengan penerapan e-KTP termasuk pembaca kartu (card reader).

Gubernur Bank Indonesia Darmin Nasution mengatakan, kerja sama dengan Kementerian Dalam Negeri terkait penggunaan KTP elektronik dan data kependudukan yang tunggal baru dimulai dengan penandatangan nota kesepahaman Senin (6/5/2013).

Kerja sama ini mendorong perbankan menggunakan KTP elektronik. Namun, itu bukan sesuatu yang bisa langsung diterapkan karena diperlukan pembaca kartu (card reader).

Kerja sama ini, lanjut Darmin, juga akan digunakan dalam sistem perbankan secara keseluruhan.

Harapannya, bisa dibentuk nomor identitas keuangan dengan dasar nomor induk kependudukan (NIK).

Sistem ini, menurut Darmin dalam sambutannya, akan memudahkan dalam kepemilikan rekening seorang warga.

Saat ini, tiadanya nomor identitas keuangan membuat seseorang bisa memiliki 30 rekening tanpa terdeteksi. Namun, ketika ditanya kapan KTP elektronik ditargetkan diterima dunia perbankan Indonesia, Darmin mengelak.

"Wong kita baru mulai kerja sama koq," ujarnya. Terkait perlindungan data kependudukan yang dibagi oleh Kemendagri, Darmin juga menyatakan tidak mampu melakukannya.

Kendati bisa membuat Peratuan BI yang tegas, Darmin tidak mampu menjawab sanksi yang bisa diterapkan.

Dia mengelak dengan mengatakan sulit mengetahui di level mana kebocoran data terjadi. Sebab, biasanya dilakukan "orang dalam" bank.

"BI tidak mencampuri bank sampai ke dalam, mereka bertanggungjawab terhadap rahasia keuangan orang, rahasia data orang, dan itu mestinya tanggung jawab dari bank. Kalau data Anda terbuka, Anda berhak menuntut banknya. Tapi tidak semua data pribadi rahasia, data tabungan pasti rahasia, tapi kalau pinjam uang di bank itu bukan rahasia," tuturnya.

Sementara Menteri Dalam Negeri Gamawan Fauzi mengatakan, pembaca kartu (card reader) adalah produk dalam negeri dan bisa dibeli di BPPT.

"Kami hanya memfasilitasi kalau ada yang mau beli card reader impor, tapi produksi dalam negeri lebih murah harganya dan BPPT menjual produk itu untuk swasta," tutur Gamawan.

Selain dengan BI, Kemendagri juga bekerja sama dengan Direktorat Jenderal Pajak Kementerian Keuangan untuk berbagi data kependudukan.

Data ini, kata Dirjen Pajak Fuad Rahmany, akan membantu dalam mengoptimalkan penerimaan pajak. Sebab, saat ini jumlah wajib pajak yang terdaftar baru 60 jutaan dari 110 juta orang yang bekerja di Indonesia.

Lemahnya tingkat kepatuhan membayar pajak disebabkan pula lemahnya akses pada informasi warga dan data tempat tinggalnya.

Bila data nomor pokok wajib pajak dan identitas tunggal sudah berpadu, penelusuran wajib pajak lebih mudah dilakukan.

Gamawan menambahkan, tahun 2013 ini pencetakan KTP elektronik akan mencapai 176 juta.

Namun, pemerintah pusat bersama pemerintah daerah masih mencari wajib KTP yang belum merekam data untuk KTP elektronik. Diperkirakan masih sekitar 16 juta wajib KTP yang belum merekam data.

UNITED NATIONS — Wearing pinstripes and a pince-nez, Staffan de Mistura, the United Nations envoy for Syria, arrived at the Security Council one Tuesday afternoon in February and announced that President Bashar al-Assad had agreed to halt airstrikes over Aleppo. Would the rebels, Mr. de Mistura suggested, agree to halt their shelling?

What he did not announce, but everyone knew by then, was that the Assad government had begun a military offensive to encircle opposition-held enclaves in Aleppo and that fierce fighting was underway. It would take only a few days for rebel leaders, having pushed back Syrian government forces, to outright reject Mr. de Mistura’s proposed freeze in the fighting, dooming the latest diplomatic overture on Syria.

Diplomacy is often about appearing to be doing something until the time is ripe for a deal to be done.

Now, with Mr. Assad’s forces having suffered a string of losses on the battlefield and the United States reaching at least a partial rapprochement with Mr. Assad’s main backer, Iran, Mr. de Mistura is changing course. Starting Monday, he is set to hold a series of closed talks in Geneva with the warring sides and their main supporters. Iran will be among them.

In an interview at United Nations headquarters last week, Mr. de Mistura hinted that the changing circumstances, both military and diplomatic, may have prompted various backers of the war to question how much longer the bloodshed could go on.

“Will that have an impact in accelerating the willingness for a political solution? We need to test it,” he said. “The Geneva consultations may be a good umbrella for testing that. It’s an occasion for asking everyone, including the government, if there is any new way that they are looking at a political solution, as they too claim they want.”

He said he would have a better assessment at the end of June, when he expects to wrap up his consultations. That coincides with the deadline for a final agreement in the Iran nuclear talks.

Whether a nuclear deal with Iran will pave the way for a new opening on peace talks in Syria remains to be seen. Increasingly, though, world leaders are explicitly linking the two, with the European Union’s top diplomat, Federica Mogherini, suggesting last week that a nuclear agreement could spur Tehran to play “a major but positive role in Syria.”

It could hardly come soon enough. Now in its fifth year, the Syrian war has claimed 220,000 lives, prompted an exodus of more than three million refugees and unleashed jihadist groups across the region. “This conflict is producing a question mark in many — where is it leading and whether this can be sustained,” Mr. de Mistura said.

Part Italian, part Swedish, Mr. de Mistura has worked with the United Nations for more than 40 years, but he is more widely known for his dapper style than for any diplomatic coups. Syria is by far the toughest assignment of his career — indeed, two of the organization’s most seasoned diplomats, Lakhdar Brahimi and Kofi Annan, tried to do the job and gave up — and critics have wondered aloud whether Mr. de Mistura is up to the task.

He served as a United Nations envoy in Afghanistan and Iraq, and before that in Lebanon, where a former minister recalled, with some scorn, that he spent many hours sunbathing at a private club in the hills above Beirut. Those who know him say he has a taste for fine suits and can sometimes speak too soon and too much, just as they point to his diplomatic missteps and hyperbole.

They cite, for instance, a news conference in October, when he raised the specter of Srebrenica, where thousands of Muslims were massacred in 1995 during the Balkans war, in warning that the Syrian border town of Kobani could fall to the Islamic State. In February, he was photographed at a party in Damascus, the Syrian capital, celebrating the anniversary of the Iranian revolution just as Syrian forces, aided by Iran, were pummeling rebel-held suburbs of Damascus; critics seized on that as evidence of his coziness with the government.

Mouin Rabbani, who served briefly as the head of Mr. de Mistura’s political affairs unit and has since emerged as one of his most outspoken critics, said Mr. de Mistura did not have the background necessary for the job. “This isn’t someone well known for his political vision or political imagination, and his closest confidants lack the requisite knowledge and experience,” Mr. Rabbani said.

As a deputy foreign minister in the Italian government, Mr. de Mistura was tasked in 2012 with freeing two Italian marines detained in India for shooting at Indian fishermen. He made 19 trips to India, to little effect. One marine was allowed to return to Italy for medical reasons; the other remains in India.

He said he initially turned down the Syria job when the United Nations secretary general approached him last August, only to change his mind the next day, after a sleepless, guilt-ridden night.

Mr. de Mistura compared his role in Syria to that of a doctor faced with a terminally ill patient. His goal in brokering a freeze in the fighting, he said, was to alleviate suffering. He settled on Aleppo as the location for its “fame,” he said, a decision that some questioned, considering that Aleppo was far trickier than the many other lesser-known towns where activists had negotiated temporary local cease-fires.

“Everybody, at least in Europe, are very familiar with the value of Aleppo,” Mr. de Mistura said. “So I was using that as an icebreaker.”

The cease-fire negotiations, to which he had devoted six months, fell apart quickly because of the government’s military offensive in Aleppo the very day of his announcement at the Security Council. Privately, United Nations diplomats said Mr. de Mistura had been manipulated. To this, Mr. de Mistura said only that he was “disappointed and concerned.”

Tarek Fares, a former rebel fighter, said after a recent visit to Aleppo that no Syrian would admit publicly to supporting Mr. de Mistura’s cease-fire proposal. “If anyone said they went to a de Mistura meeting in Gaziantep, they would be arrested,” is how he put it, referring to the Turkish city where negotiations between the two sides were held.

Secretary General Ban Ki-moon remains staunchly behind Mr. de Mistura’s efforts. His defenders point out that he is at the center of one of the world’s toughest diplomatic problems, charged with mediating a conflict in which two of the world’s most powerful nations — Russia, which supports Mr. Assad, and the United States, which has called for his ouster — remain deadlocked.

R. Nicholas Burns, a former State Department official who now teaches at Harvard, credited Mr. de Mistura for trying to negotiate a cease-fire even when the chances of success were exceedingly small — and the chances of a political deal even smaller. For his efforts to work, Professor Burns argued, the world powers will first have to come to an agreement of their own.

“He needs the help of outside powers,” he said. “It starts with backers of Assad. That’s Russia and Iran. De Mistura is there, waiting.”